October 2007 Transportation Times e-Newsletter

VEHICLE ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

Every vehicle accident should be reported and investigated with special
emphasis on those resulting in personal injury or properly damage. The
investigation is a search for the facts.

The two reasons for investigating vehicle accidents are:

  • To determine the cause so that action can be taken to eliminate
    or control similar occurrences, and
  • To determine whether or not the accident was preventable by the
    driver.

It should be the responsibility of the fleet supervisor or manager to
conduct the accident investigation. Sources of information will include
the driver’s accident report, police reports, insurance claim reports,
witness statements and photos of the scene. These may need to be supplemented by an on-the-scene investigation.

To permit proper analysis and corrective action a great deal of information must be collected. Clear, concise and prompt investigation is critical. The investigator should determine the following:

  • Time

Date, Day of Week, Hour (exact time of accident)

  • Location

Exact location (street address or measured distance from identifiable object)

  • Drivers

Names, Addresses, Operators License Numbers

  • Injured Persons

Names, Addresses, Ages, Sex, Nature of Injuries, Relationship to Accident (driver, passenger, passerby, etc.)

  • Witnesses

Names, Address, What they saw, Relationship to Accident, Exact Description (Color, size, shape, etc.)

  • Movement

Precise direction, speed and nature of movement at time of accident of all vehicles involved.

  • Driver’s Condition

State of health, medication, time since last rest period, drugs or intoxication, training, experience, MVR.

  • Vehicle’s Condition

Brakes (test if possible), Maintenance Records, Component Failure

  • Weather

Determine exact weather conditions at time of accident. Check accident scene under similar conditions if possible.

  • Roadway

Determine if roadway contributed to accident. Photograph roadway and surroundings from view point of all vehicles involved.

  • The Trip

Retrace entire trip, all stops, time and activity at each stop. Review driver’s log. Determine why trip and route were scheduled as they were. Did route or schedule contribute to accident?

  • Accident Diagram

Prepare exact diagram of total accident scene. Show all measurements (roadway, shoulder, distance to fixed objects, skid marks for each wheel, etc.) Locate any item which might have had an effect (bushes, trees, rocks, culverts, spills, holes, etc.) All measurements should be made with a steel tape and verified by a witness.

  • Photographs

All physical conditions should be documented with photographs. These will include accident scene, damage or any other items which would be desirable to preserve.

Summary
The accident investigation, no matter how well done, will have no value unless it is carefully analyzed to determine the cause and corrective action is taken to prevent recurrence. The investigation will help you learn from driving mistakes.


Source: Sentry Insurance